The “Global Energy Evaluation” report, which the International Energy Agency (IEA) published for the first time as an assessment of tendencies in the energy sector, includes global energy demand in 2024, supply, increase in new energy technologies, and carbon emissions of the energy sector resources.
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According to the report, the global energy demand rose by 2.2 percent on an annual basis in 2024. Although this ratio remained below 3.2 percent in the global economy last year, the average annual increase of 1.3 percent in the world demand in the world demand in energy demand in the world.
Despite the slowing demand in China, developing countries, including China, constituted 80 percent of the increase in energy demand last year. The energy demand of developed economies has returned to the growth tendency after the decline in recent years and increased by almost 1 percent.
The electricity sector led the increase in global energy demand. The world’s electricity consumption grew by 4.3 percent annually in 2024. This rate corresponds to almost twice the annual average of the 2013-2023 period.
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Last year, the sharp increase in electricity consumption worldwide, the need for excessive cooling in many countries due to temperature records, the rise of industrial consumption, electrification in transportation and data centers and artificial intelligence growth.
The share of renewable and nuclear energy in production reached 40 percent for the first time
A significant portion of the rapid growth seen in electricity demand was met with increasing supply of low emissions. The new renewable energy capacity established worldwide has grown 700 gigavat last year and recorded in a record year in a row in a row.
While 80 percent of the increase in global electricity production was renewable and nuclear energy, these resources for the first time made up 40 percent of total production.
As a result of increasing electricity consumption, the most powerful demand increase in fossil fuels was aimed at natural gas. The gas demand increased by an average annual increase of 75 billion cubic meters annually in the last 10 years, increasing 115 billion cubic meters last year.
Global oil demand increased by 0.8 percent last year, while the share of oil in total energy demand for the first time fell below 30 percent.
The growth in coal demand was calculated as 1 percent. China and India have made more than 90 percent of the annual increase in global coal demand.
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“The bond between economic growth and emissions is weakening”
According to the report, the rapid increase in the use of clean energy technologies has limited the annual increase in carbon dioxide emissions from the global energy sector.
Nevertheless, the rising energy demand due to record temperatures has led to a annual increase of carbon emissions by 0.8 percent to 37.8 billion tons. On the other hand, the use of renewable resources, nuclear energy, electric vehicles and heat pumps has prevented an annual carbon dioxide emission of 2.6 billion tons of carbon dioxide since 2019. This amount corresponds to 7 percent of global emissions.
Carbon emissions in developed economies decreased by 1.1 percent in 2024 to 10.9 billion tons. This amount was recorded as the lowest level seen in the last 50 years in these countries.
Most of the last year’s increase in carbon emissions was caused by developing countries outside China. Although the increase in carbon emissions in China has slowed down in 2024, the country’s per capita carbon emissions are over 16 percent of developed economies and are almost twice the global average.
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IEA President Fatih Birol, in his assessment of the report, already pointing out that there are many uncertainties in the world, “However, the use of electricity is increasing at such a speed that this increase was enough to reverse the decrease in energy demand of developed countries. As a result, all the main fuels and energy technologies increased in 2024, the high -renewable energy and the power of the energy. The increase is gradually weakening the bond between economic growth and emissions. ” He said.
